Şimdi sıra Passive'lerde! Hazırlarken en çok zevk aldığımız konulardan olan Passive, aşağıda detaylı olarak anlatılmıştır. Bolca ayrıntı ve örneği bulabileceğiniz anlatım eminim size yardımcı olacaktır...
İYİ DERSLER!
Eren Can
(NOT: Küçük bir hatadan dolayı kayıtların yerleri değişmiştir. Lütfen çelışmaya 'PASSIVE' başlığından başlayın; daha sonra 'PASSIVE 2' den devam edebilirsiniz. Anlayışınız için teşekkürler...)
PASSIVE 2
Change the sentences from active into the passive. Omit the agent where it can be omitted.
1-The British eat over thirty million hamburgers each year.
Over thirty million hamburgers are eaten by the British each year.
2-Who wrote “One Hundred Years of Solitude?”
Who was “One Hundred Years of Solitude” written by?
3-The bad weather has spoiled my holiday plans.
My holiday plans have been spoiled by the bad weather.
4-Do they always pay their workers on time?
Are their workers always paid on time?
5-The children picked the strawberries.
The strawberries were picked by the children.
6-She saw them go out.
They were seen to go out.
7-You should wash those walls before you paint them.
These walls should be washed before they are painted.
8-Penguin have translated all her boks into English.
All her boks have been translated into English by Penguin.
9-He object to people telling him what to do.
He objects to being told what to do.
10-Tesco are converting the old bank into a supermarket.
The old bank is being converted into a supermarket by Tesco.
11-They told him not to say anything to her.
He was told not to say anything to her.
12-Did they give you a reward for finding their cat?
Were you given a reward for finding their cat?
13-The nurses take very good care of the patients.
The patients are taken very good care of by the nurses.
14-Everyone heard her shouting at the students.
She was heard to shout at the students.
15-Why have they given him a promotion?
Why has he been given a promotion?
Fill in “by” or “with”
1-This suit was designed by Armani.
2-This cake is filled with fresh cream.
3-Who was Australia discovered by?
4-Ford cars are made by experts.
5-The baby was covered with a blanket.
6-“Carmen” was composed by Bizet.
7-The coat was lined with fur.
8-The food will be provided by caterers.
9-The stew was flavoured with garlic.
10-The Royal Wedding was watched by millions.
>>>The verbs believe,expect,feel,hope,know,report,say,think etc are used in the following passive patterns in personal and impersonal constructions.
*Subject (person) + passive verb + to –inf Doctors expect he will recover soon.
(personal construction) He is expected to recover soon.
*It + passive verb + that clause It is expected that he will recover soon.
(impersonel construction)
EXAMPLES
1 They say he is a millionaire.
He is said to be a millionare.
It is said that he is a millionare.
2 They expect the plane will be landing soon.
The plane is expected to be landing soon.
It is expected that the plane will be landing soon.
3 They believe he was working illegally.
He is believed to have been working illegally.
It is believed that he was working illegally.
4 They say he is feeling better.
He is said to be feeling better.
It is said that he is feeling better.
5 They thought he had been brave to do so.
He was thought to have been brave to do so.
It was thought that he had been brave to do so.
6 They think he has escaped from prison.
He is thought to have escaped from prison.
It is thought that he has escaped from prison.
7 They expect he’ll pass his exams.
He is expected to pass his exams.
It is expected that he will pass his exams.
Change the sentences from the passive into active.
1-Why was James asked to leave the club?
Why did they ask James to leave the club?
2-They love being invited to parties.
They love people inviting them to parties.
3-The best cream cakes are made by Sayers.
Sayers make the best cream cakes.
4-By the end of the party all the food had been eaten.
By the end of the party they had eaten all the food.
5-Sanchez was beaten by Graff in the Women’s Tenis Final.
Graff beat Sanchez in the Women’s Tenis Final.
6-My glasses must have been thrown away by mistake.
Someone must have thrown my glasses away by mistake.
7-The building is being examined by Health an Safety experts this week.
Health and Safety experts are examining the building this week.
8-Who was the television invented by?
Who invented the television?
9-She heard complaining about the new timetable.
Someone heard her complaining about the new timetable.
10-She was sent a telegram by the Queen on her 100th birthday.
The Queen sent her a telegram one her 100th birthday.
11- The English language is now spoken by over two billion people worldwide.
Over two billion people worldwide now speak the English language.
12-My overdraft is being extended by the bank tomorrow.
The bank is extending my overdraft tomorrow.
13-Hundreds of free gifts are being given away by Donels this Saturday.
Donels are giving away hundreds of free gift this Saturday.
14-Why haven’t the beds been made yet?
Why hasn’t anyone made the beds yet?
15-I hate being taken for granted.
I hate people taking me for granted.
Change the sentences from active into the passive.
1-I love people giving me presents.
I love being given presents.
2-When we got to the theatre they had sold all the tickets.
When we got to the theatre all the tickets had been sold.
3-The police have just arrested the man who broke into our house.
The man who broke into our house has just been arrested.
4-What did he tell you to do?
What were you told to do?
5-Oxfam will hold a fashion show next week.
A fashion show will be held by Oxfam next week.
6-They are holding the next week World Cup in France.
The next World Cup is being held in France.
7-When did they demolish that building?
When was that building demolished?
8-The officers took the suspect in for questioning.
The suspect was taken in for questioning.
9-Will they hand out free T-shirts at the concert?
Will free T-shirts be handed out at the concert?
10-Does the school provide accommodation for all new teachers?
Is accommodation provided for all new teachers by the school?
1-The British eat over thirty million hamburgers each year.
Over thirty million hamburgers are eaten by the British each year.
2-Who wrote “One Hundred Years of Solitude?”
Who was “One Hundred Years of Solitude” written by?
3-The bad weather has spoiled my holiday plans.
My holiday plans have been spoiled by the bad weather.
4-Do they always pay their workers on time?
Are their workers always paid on time?
5-The children picked the strawberries.
The strawberries were picked by the children.
6-She saw them go out.
They were seen to go out.
7-You should wash those walls before you paint them.
These walls should be washed before they are painted.
8-Penguin have translated all her boks into English.
All her boks have been translated into English by Penguin.
9-He object to people telling him what to do.
He objects to being told what to do.
10-Tesco are converting the old bank into a supermarket.
The old bank is being converted into a supermarket by Tesco.
11-They told him not to say anything to her.
He was told not to say anything to her.
12-Did they give you a reward for finding their cat?
Were you given a reward for finding their cat?
13-The nurses take very good care of the patients.
The patients are taken very good care of by the nurses.
14-Everyone heard her shouting at the students.
She was heard to shout at the students.
15-Why have they given him a promotion?
Why has he been given a promotion?
Fill in “by” or “with”
1-This suit was designed by Armani.
2-This cake is filled with fresh cream.
3-Who was Australia discovered by?
4-Ford cars are made by experts.
5-The baby was covered with a blanket.
6-“Carmen” was composed by Bizet.
7-The coat was lined with fur.
8-The food will be provided by caterers.
9-The stew was flavoured with garlic.
10-The Royal Wedding was watched by millions.
>>>The verbs believe,expect,feel,hope,know,report,say,think etc are used in the following passive patterns in personal and impersonal constructions.
*Subject (person) + passive verb + to –inf Doctors expect he will recover soon.
(personal construction) He is expected to recover soon.
*It + passive verb + that clause It is expected that he will recover soon.
(impersonel construction)
EXAMPLES
1 They say he is a millionaire.
He is said to be a millionare.
It is said that he is a millionare.
2 They expect the plane will be landing soon.
The plane is expected to be landing soon.
It is expected that the plane will be landing soon.
3 They believe he was working illegally.
He is believed to have been working illegally.
It is believed that he was working illegally.
4 They say he is feeling better.
He is said to be feeling better.
It is said that he is feeling better.
5 They thought he had been brave to do so.
He was thought to have been brave to do so.
It was thought that he had been brave to do so.
6 They think he has escaped from prison.
He is thought to have escaped from prison.
It is thought that he has escaped from prison.
7 They expect he’ll pass his exams.
He is expected to pass his exams.
It is expected that he will pass his exams.
Change the sentences from the passive into active.
1-Why was James asked to leave the club?
Why did they ask James to leave the club?
2-They love being invited to parties.
They love people inviting them to parties.
3-The best cream cakes are made by Sayers.
Sayers make the best cream cakes.
4-By the end of the party all the food had been eaten.
By the end of the party they had eaten all the food.
5-Sanchez was beaten by Graff in the Women’s Tenis Final.
Graff beat Sanchez in the Women’s Tenis Final.
6-My glasses must have been thrown away by mistake.
Someone must have thrown my glasses away by mistake.
7-The building is being examined by Health an Safety experts this week.
Health and Safety experts are examining the building this week.
8-Who was the television invented by?
Who invented the television?
9-She heard complaining about the new timetable.
Someone heard her complaining about the new timetable.
10-She was sent a telegram by the Queen on her 100th birthday.
The Queen sent her a telegram one her 100th birthday.
11- The English language is now spoken by over two billion people worldwide.
Over two billion people worldwide now speak the English language.
12-My overdraft is being extended by the bank tomorrow.
The bank is extending my overdraft tomorrow.
13-Hundreds of free gifts are being given away by Donels this Saturday.
Donels are giving away hundreds of free gift this Saturday.
14-Why haven’t the beds been made yet?
Why hasn’t anyone made the beds yet?
15-I hate being taken for granted.
I hate people taking me for granted.
Change the sentences from active into the passive.
1-I love people giving me presents.
I love being given presents.
2-When we got to the theatre they had sold all the tickets.
When we got to the theatre all the tickets had been sold.
3-The police have just arrested the man who broke into our house.
The man who broke into our house has just been arrested.
4-What did he tell you to do?
What were you told to do?
5-Oxfam will hold a fashion show next week.
A fashion show will be held by Oxfam next week.
6-They are holding the next week World Cup in France.
The next World Cup is being held in France.
7-When did they demolish that building?
When was that building demolished?
8-The officers took the suspect in for questioning.
The suspect was taken in for questioning.
9-Will they hand out free T-shirts at the concert?
Will free T-shirts be handed out at the concert?
10-Does the school provide accommodation for all new teachers?
Is accommodation provided for all new teachers by the school?
PASSIVE
Tense / Verb FormActive Voice Passive VoiceSimple present keeps is kept Present continuous is keeping is being kept Simple past kept was kept Past continuous was keeping was being kept Present perfect have kept have been kept Past perfect had kept had been kept Future will keep will be kept Present infinitive to keep to be kept Perfect infinitive to have kept to have been kept Present participle/Gerund keeping being kept Perfect participle having kept having been kept
Tenses in Passive
-Simple Present: She reads a novel every month.
A novel is read every month.
-Present Cont: He is posting a letter.
A letter is being posted.
-Simple Past: The boy caught two fish
Two fish were caught.
-Past Cont: Hasan was drawing a picture.
A Picture was being drawn.
-Present Perfect: They have surrounded the famous writer.
The famous writer has been surrounded.
-Past Perfect: They had offered ten thousand dollars to the manager.
Ten thousand dollars had been offered.
-Simple Future: The workers will build the bridge in a year.
The bridge will be built in a year.
-Future Perfect: Cedric will have told a story to the class next week.
A story will have been told to the class next week.
-“be going to”: Ayşe is going to wash her socks.
Her socks are going to be washed by her.
Modals and Similar Expression in Passive
-Can: She can clean the board.
The board can be cleaned.
-Could: He could see the thief.
The thief could be seen.
-Would: They would visit the museum.
The museum would be visited.
-Will: We will write a paper tomorrow.
A paper will be writen tomorrow.
-May: We may pass the examination on Friday.
The examination may be passed on Friday.
-Might: The worms might spoil the tree
The tree might be spoiled.
-Should: The householder should deal with the guest.
The guest should be dealt with.
-Ought to: The painter ought to finish the painting as soon as possible.
The painting ought to be finished as soon as possible.
-Must: You must put the garbage into the box.
The garbage must be put into the box.
-Have to: You have to pay the tax by the end of this weekend.
The tax has to be paid by the end of this weekend.
>>>“By”ın Edilgende KullanımıAsıl özne verilmez,önemsiz ya da biliniyordur. “By phrase” edilgen cümlelerde şu iki önemli durumda kullanılır:
1-) Cümlede fiilin kim tarafından yapıldığı belirtilmek istenildiğinde;>>>The Turkish Republic was established by Atatürk.
2-) Edilgen cümlenin öznesini vurgulamak için;>>>The vase was broken by the cat.*By genellikle yüklemden hemen sonra gelir.*Eğer gerçek özne yüklemi gerçekten etkileyen değilse ”by” kullanılmaz.>>>Our time saw many years.
TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE
Future Cont. I will be watching TV. NOT USED
Present Perfect Cont. I have been reading a book. NOT USED
Past Perfect Cont. She had been cleaning the room. NOT USED
Future Perfect Cont. I will have been writing a novel. NOT USED
PASSIVE IN INTERROGATIVES(Edilgenlerin Sorularda Kullanımı)
>>>Etken bir soruyu edilgen hale dönüştürürken yine yardımcı fiil cümle başına getirilir.
- Is he burying the dead cat?
- Is the dead cat being buried?
- Does the postman deliver the packages?
- Are the packages delivered?
>>>“Who” ile sorulan sorularda eğer eylemi yapan kişi soruluyorsa sorunun sonuna “by” getirilmesi gerekir.
- Who ate the cake?
- Who was the cake eaten by?
- Who will you entrust your books to
- Who will your boks be entrusted to?
SPECIAL CASES WITH THE PASSIVE VOICE
- He saw the train stop.
The train was seen to stop.
- They want you to clean the windows (Infinitive)
You are wanted to clean the windows.
They want the windows to be cleaned.
- He asked met o invite him to the meeting. (Infinitive)
I have been asked to invite him to the meeting.
He asked to be invited to the meeting.
He himself asked to be invited to the meeting.
- I remember my mother taking care of me .(Gerund)
I remember my being taken care of by my mother.
I remember being taken care of by my mother.
- Someone should look this word up in a dictionary.
This word should be looked up in a dictionary.
- Everybody knows that flowers have petals.
That flowers have petals is known by everybody.
It is known that flowers have petals.
Flowers are known to have petals.
Tenses in Passive
-Simple Present: She reads a novel every month.
A novel is read every month.
-Present Cont: He is posting a letter.
A letter is being posted.
-Simple Past: The boy caught two fish
Two fish were caught.
-Past Cont: Hasan was drawing a picture.
A Picture was being drawn.
-Present Perfect: They have surrounded the famous writer.
The famous writer has been surrounded.
-Past Perfect: They had offered ten thousand dollars to the manager.
Ten thousand dollars had been offered.
-Simple Future: The workers will build the bridge in a year.
The bridge will be built in a year.
-Future Perfect: Cedric will have told a story to the class next week.
A story will have been told to the class next week.
-“be going to”: Ayşe is going to wash her socks.
Her socks are going to be washed by her.
Modals and Similar Expression in Passive
-Can: She can clean the board.
The board can be cleaned.
-Could: He could see the thief.
The thief could be seen.
-Would: They would visit the museum.
The museum would be visited.
-Will: We will write a paper tomorrow.
A paper will be writen tomorrow.
-May: We may pass the examination on Friday.
The examination may be passed on Friday.
-Might: The worms might spoil the tree
The tree might be spoiled.
-Should: The householder should deal with the guest.
The guest should be dealt with.
-Ought to: The painter ought to finish the painting as soon as possible.
The painting ought to be finished as soon as possible.
-Must: You must put the garbage into the box.
The garbage must be put into the box.
-Have to: You have to pay the tax by the end of this weekend.
The tax has to be paid by the end of this weekend.
>>>“By”ın Edilgende KullanımıAsıl özne verilmez,önemsiz ya da biliniyordur. “By phrase” edilgen cümlelerde şu iki önemli durumda kullanılır:
1-) Cümlede fiilin kim tarafından yapıldığı belirtilmek istenildiğinde;>>>The Turkish Republic was established by Atatürk.
2-) Edilgen cümlenin öznesini vurgulamak için;>>>The vase was broken by the cat.*By genellikle yüklemden hemen sonra gelir.*Eğer gerçek özne yüklemi gerçekten etkileyen değilse ”by” kullanılmaz.>>>Our time saw many years.
TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE
Future Cont. I will be watching TV. NOT USED
Present Perfect Cont. I have been reading a book. NOT USED
Past Perfect Cont. She had been cleaning the room. NOT USED
Future Perfect Cont. I will have been writing a novel. NOT USED
PASSIVE IN INTERROGATIVES(Edilgenlerin Sorularda Kullanımı)
>>>Etken bir soruyu edilgen hale dönüştürürken yine yardımcı fiil cümle başına getirilir.
- Is he burying the dead cat?
- Is the dead cat being buried?
- Does the postman deliver the packages?
- Are the packages delivered?
>>>“Who” ile sorulan sorularda eğer eylemi yapan kişi soruluyorsa sorunun sonuna “by” getirilmesi gerekir.
- Who ate the cake?
- Who was the cake eaten by?
- Who will you entrust your books to
- Who will your boks be entrusted to?
SPECIAL CASES WITH THE PASSIVE VOICE
- He saw the train stop.
The train was seen to stop.
- They want you to clean the windows (Infinitive)
You are wanted to clean the windows.
They want the windows to be cleaned.
- He asked met o invite him to the meeting. (Infinitive)
I have been asked to invite him to the meeting.
He asked to be invited to the meeting.
He himself asked to be invited to the meeting.
- I remember my mother taking care of me .(Gerund)
I remember my being taken care of by my mother.
I remember being taken care of by my mother.
- Someone should look this word up in a dictionary.
This word should be looked up in a dictionary.
- Everybody knows that flowers have petals.
That flowers have petals is known by everybody.
It is known that flowers have petals.
Flowers are known to have petals.
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